Posts Tagged How to

The Purpose of The Cheese Press & Cheddar Apple Crostini

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How, Where & Why. Our Q-n-A segment…

I read that cheesecloth or a towel are used to drain whey when making cheese, so why do I need a cheese press?

The cheese press is used to compress the curd. Whey is drained out prior to this step. The reason a mechanical press is used is that it provides the right  pressure and containment for a continuous time, which is not something a person can accomplish manually, even if you are a super hero. I am not questioning the possibility of your strength, but do you really want to spend hours applying 50 pounds of pressure to your cheese before you get to enjoy a bite? No.

Of course, I am being silly. The cheese press is actually a very simple device, and quite elegant too I might add. Most models use a vise mechanism. This is a clever invention where size is misleading. Small vices can apply pressure far beyond the abilities of raw human muscle. It should be one of the seven wonders of the world, which means that now there would be eight. Incidentally, if like me you are fascinated by such wonders, I highly recommend a little gem of a big book titled Ancient Inventions, by Peter James and Nick Thorpe. Now, back to our question.

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The purpose of the cheese press is to lead the curds to bind. Because of the thin layer of fat that occurs on the surface of cheese curds, they do not naturally join together. Pressing the curds in the cheese press squeezes the them so that this fat “ruptures” and exposes the inside of the curd. Then, curds can “stick” together and form a single block of cheese. Essentially, pressing cheese is about squeezing it into a cohesive shape, not about extracting moisture.

Cheese is pressed incrementally, typically beginning at around 10 pounds of pressure and up to 50 pounds.

Now, let’s say you made your own Cheddar… you will certainly want to have a taste. Here is a simple way to enjoy it in just moments and, this is very important, share it too.

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Cheddar Apple Crostini

Ingredients

Baguette – 24 slices

2 apples, chopped (unpeeled, for color)

3/4  cup shredded Cheddar

1/4 cup grated Romano

1/3 cup mayonnaise

Pumpkin seed to taste

Pepper to taste

Preparation

Mix all ingredients (except bread), keeping pumpkin seed and pepper for last and adding both to taste. Bake bread slices alone for 4 minutes at 350°. Turn and bake an additional 4 minutes. Spread each slice with the cheese mixture and return to 350° oven for about 10 minutes (until slightly bubbly). Serve cold or warm.

More about Cheese Making

See other recent entries in How, Where & Why

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How to Use a Dehydrator

Dehydrating is one of the simplest ways to preserve foods and it is as old as time; well, nearly. Since you would probably not be surprised to learn that the Egyptians and Romans did it, let’s skip directly to our own timeline and review how easy it is thanks to our modern inventions.

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One question that comes to mind now, when preparing food, is whether it will take a long time. We have busy lives. I dare you to find any person these days who is not a multitasking hero. We were already quite adept at time management when our roles around the home were different and more targeted, can you imagine now?

What is a great wonder to me is that in spite of our current circumstances, at a time when men and women pursue time-consuming careers and even many young adults are busy entrepreneurs, we value our quality of life so much that we continue to make room for elaborate gardening and food preparation processes. The reason for this is clear and simple: It makes sense and the process itself adds joy to our lives. In fact, it probably adds years too.

Home preserving makes sense not only to be prepared in case of an emergency, but also because it can make the food preparation process more efficient over time. It also supplies us with flavorful and versatile options.

To answer the above question about how much time it takes (after a slight detour for some musings), generally you need only spend a few moments cleaning and slicing your produce. Once you start the dehydrator, it will run for 8 to 12 hours (follow dehydrator instructions), which means you are free to tackle any other project that appeals to you in the meantime. Here, then, is an overview of one simple process that can add variety to your dishes and to your stash of emergency foods.

1- Whether you dry produce from your own garden or from another source, remember that the same basic rule applies if you are canning or dehydrating: start with fresh produce. By this I mean stay away from bruised or overripe fruits and vegetables. A partially rotten fruit will not be any less rotten once dehydrated! If good, ripe, crisp flesh can be salvaged, then by all means set that aside and toss the rest in the compost bin.

2- Clean all fruits or vegetables in running water, scrubbing gently if necessary. Remove seeds and pits and then slice, being careful to slice everything to a similar thickness. This makes it easier to determine with more certainty when everything in the dehydrator is dry enough.

3- Sprinkle fruit that is prone to oxidation with citrus juice so it retains its color. Cruciferous vegetables, as well as beans, kernels and root vegetables, can be blanched for a few minutes. This will ensure they maintain their color.

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4- You are ready to place your sliced produce in the dehydrator. Refer to your particular model’s manual for capacity. Allow at least a slight amount of space between slices on each tray and never overlap. This could trap moisture, which reduces the quality and lifespan of your dehydrated foods. Again, refer to the dehydrator’s instructions manual to determine proper drying time.

5- When the time to turn off the dehydrator approaches, remove a few slices of fruit/vegetable from any tray (dehydrators are designed to dry evenly, so any tray should do) to test them. Allow them to cool first. You want to use your fingers and a knife for this, not your taste buds; at least not yet. Touch and sight will inform you properly in this case. If they feel dry to the touch, they are probably adequately dehydrated. To be certain, however, cut a few of the slices and examine the edges. If beads of moisture emerge, you should set the dehydrator to remain on for a few extra minutes, at which point you will test a few more slices in this same manner. After you use the machine a few times you will develop a good instinct for proper timing.

6- That’s it. Allow dehydrated fruits and vegetables to cool for about an hour before packing for storage. Finally, make sure you plan on using some of it in a recipe right away, simply because it is so satisfying to taste the fresh fruit of your labor.

You might be interested in some of these articles -

An Inside Look at The Food Dehydrator

The Frugal Kitchen – It’s About Values; Not Just Money

7 Ways Dehydrated Food Saves Money

Click HERE for more home preserving books

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The Frugal Yard & Garden – How to Pull Carrots & Keep Fido Out of The Garden

The carrot is a root vegetable; not that you did not know this already. Thus, unless you have planted carrots before, since you cannot see it, you may wonder when a carrot is ready for harvesting. But you can see the top. Generally, carrots with the largest and greenest tops have reached maturity and are ready to be pulled.

Another way to determine harvesting time (which can vary slightly from one carrot to the next even if they were planted at the same time) is to consider the diameter of the crown. This it the largest part of the carrot, just before the top. As a rule, the carrot has reached maturity when the crown measures about 2.5 cm or about an inch in diameter.

To harvest with ease, first drench the ground with water to loosen it up. Then, grasp the greens at the crown and gently tug and twist. If the top breaks, use two forks, one on each side, to pry the root out of the ground.

If you have dogs, there is a chance you are being watched while you dig out the succulent orange harvest. Why is it that no one screams at you when you spend hours digging in the garden? This is a puzzling existential question for a dog.

Your dog may want to dig his paws into the soil, but you and I both know that this is your domain. How to keep your canine friend out is simpler than you think, but it does require time and effort to train your companion (I’m still talking about the dog).

A basic sit-stay-and-come training class is an indispensable first step. Dogmo must first understand these simple commands. Next, place a border around your garden. This can be as simple as laying stones around it to clearly identifies a boundary. Then, make it clear that staying outside of the boundary is the behavior you approve.

You can communicate this approval by using a verbal command your dog has learned, “Stop, stay, sit” when it is about to cross the border. Then, immediately praise and offer a treat when you observe the desired response. Praise with great abandon. Make it a big deal. In a few weeks, the verbal command and praise will suffice and your friend will learn to sit nearby and enjoy watching you garden without offering its “help.”

As for carrots, they are good for your dog’s teeth, so here is Granny’s variation on the theme: Once your canine companion understands that staying out of the garden is the behavior that pleases you, pick a carrot or other produce it likes, walk over to the dog (do not call it to you, that would defeat the purpose) and offer this very special and coveted treat. It is offered on your own terms.

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